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A while back I posted the following query (Linguist 14.2026): Anne Fernald, in 'Human maternal vocalizations to infants as biologically relevant signals: An evolutionary perspective. In Language Acquisition: : Core Readings, Paul Bloom (ed.). 1996 Cambridge MA: MIT Press. Reprinted from Barkow et al, 1992, The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press. suggests some universals in terms of prosodic patterns in speech directed to infants. I was wondering if anyone knows of any further work done in this area, and in particular, if there has been any investigation of this in some of the cultures (like Samoan, Quiche Mayan or working class African-Americans) where it has been claimed that little or no speech is directed at infants. I received responses from Denis Donovan and Jeroen van de Weijer. Dennis Donovan suggested that I look at a complementary set of literature on infant responses to music, and provided the following reference: Trehub, S. E. and L. J. Trainor (1993). Listening strategies in infancy: The roots of music and language development. Thinking in Sound: The Cognitive Psychology of Human Audition. S. McAdams and E. Bigand. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 278-327. He also sent me copy of Sandra Trehub's chapter (Musical Predispositions in Infancy) in the Annals of the New York Academy of Science (no publication date given on the file). Jeroen van de Weijer suggested that I contact his brother, Joost van de Weijer, who had recently completed a dissertation on the subject, looking at child-directed Dutch. I did so, and Joost van de Weijer provided the following references: Fernald, A., Taeschner, T., Dunn, J., Papousek, M., de Boysson-Bardies, B. and Furui, I. (1989). A cross-language study of prosodic modifications in mothers' and fathers' speech to preverbal infants. Journal of Child Language, 16, 477-501. Ratner, N. and Pye, C. (1984). Higher pitch in BT is not universal: acoustic evidence from Quiche Mayan. Journal of Child Language, 2, 515-522. Weijer, J. van de (1997). Language Input to a Prelingual Infant. In A. Sorace, C. Heycock and R. Shillcock (eds.). Proceedings of the GALA '97 Conference on Language Acquisition (pp. 290-293). Edinburgh, Scotland. He also suggested that I look for work by Dennis Burnham, and Christine Kitamura on Thai child-directed speech, although he did not have a reference for that.. I would like to thank Denis Donovan, Jeroen van de Weijer, and Joost van de Weijer for their assistance. - Dr. Fay Wouk Senior Lecturer in Linguistics Department of Applied Language Studies and Linguistics University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand f.woukMail to author|Respond to list|Read more issues|LINGUIST home page|Top of issueauckland.ac.nz