These two volumes open the edition of THE COLLECTED WORKS OF BRONISLAW PILSUDSKI, an eminent self-made scholar, whom history has proved to have been one of the most remarkable explorers of the languages and cultures of the small aboriginal peoples inhabiting the island of Sakhalin and the adjacent lower Amur region at the turn of the twentieth century: the Sakhalin Ainu, Nivhgu (Gilyaks), Oroks, Olchas, and Nanais. Pilsudski, hardly leaving any important aspect of their life untouched, presents a versatile and incomparable image of the spiritual and material world of communities long since extinct. A small part of Pilsudski's works, written in languages ranging from German, French, and English to Russian, Polish and Japanese appeared in small, local periodicals now constituting bibliographical rarities retrieved. For the most part, however, his writings have remained unpublished up to the present day. Conceived under the auspices of the International Commitee for the Restoration and Assessment of the Work of Bronislaw Pilsudski (ICRAP), this edition reconstructs Pilsudski's invaluable contribution to the humanities. At the same time it presents a reconstruction of the world of the Sakhalin natives which has been absorbed by the past. Volume 1: THE ABORIGINES OF SAKHALIN. This volume contains translations into English of the Polish, Russian and Japanese material on, for example, the history, folklore, economic life, shamanism, sexual life, medical anthropology, and the bear festival which has been published between 1898 and 1936, mainly in local journals which are hardly accessible today. English, French and German articles appear in the original language. Volume 2: MATERIALS FOR THE STUDY OF THE AINU LANGUAGE AND FOLKLORE (CRACOW 1912). A reprint of the classic 1912 Cracow edition with an accompanying index.