Do human auditory perceptual abilities shape language sound structures? If so, what aspects of phonology may be driven by perception, and how should perceptually driven processes be captured in linguistic theory? These and similar questions have come to the forefront of linguistic research in the past decade because the technology used in speech perception research has become much more widely available and portable and because developments in constraint-based theories of phonology have made it possible to incorporate "perceptual constraints" into linguistic grammars. THE ROLE OF SPEECH PERCEPTION IN PHONOLOGY is a collection of authoritative articles on the role of speech perception in phonology by leading phonologists, phoneticians, and cognitive psychologists.