The goal of this handbook, which applies proven techniques derived from bilingual/bicultural classrooms, is to help teachers increase their understanding of bilingual learners in order to maximize instruction. It is designed to help teachers expand their understanding of literacy and bilingualism; implement literacy approaches and assess students’ development; and learn through reflection. Complete and straightforward instructions, illustrated by case studies, allow teachers to use the strategies in this handbook on their own or in teacher-led study groups. They can select from the variety of approaches the ones which best match their students’ needs and their own teaching style. All of the approaches share characteristics that help motivate students of varying language abilities to develop literacy. The approaches have been modified and tested with bilingual students of different ages and language backgrounds in bilingual, ESL, mainstream, special education, and deaf education classes ranging from preschool through high school. "Literacy and Bilingualism: A Handbook for ALL Teachers, Second Edition" is intended for a broad audience of teachers in any type of classroom where bilingualism plays a role, and is an excellent text for preservice and inservice courses that prepare teachers to work with English language learners.