The volume features current linguistic theories, focused on understanding in communication, elaborated in modern Russian linguistics. The problems of understanding in verbal communication highlighted from the positions of various disciplines: linguistics, psychology, pedagogics, cultural and political studies, computer science. It sums up the discussions held at the interdisciplinary conferences /Understanding by Communication, held in Russia in 2003-2012. What makes the volume unique is that it offers ideas that accentuate the paradigms that significantly differ from those are being in the focus of / cultivated in European linguistic schools or American grammatical traditions. The volume is meant as a comprehensive introduction to East European linguistic thought which might be interesting to western Europe-based paradigms, and promotes the views that may boost new perspectives in linguistic research. The book is interesting for language researchers and teachers and for those who intends to get more information about modern trends in linguistics and psychology in Central Europa and Russia.