This edited book is the first collection of research-based papers on cultures of learning, a concept which has been developed by the editors over 20 years. It assembles research with a considerable international range with a team of experts (working in USA, UK, Australia, New Zealand, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Finland, France, Iran, Lebanon, Kazakhstan, Malaysia and Thailand) with deep experience of the wide range of cultural contexts which are investigated, many related to 'home contexts' of the authors themselves. The book includes a diversity of case studies of particular situations of language learning and use; it offers explorations of transcultural learning by students and teachers who cross languages and borders for study or work. All authors have long engagement with the cultural participants about whom they are writing. This book thus includes a range of orientations, viewpoints and critical stances on cultures of learning and prospective authors have been invited for their expertise, experience and insights in cultural contexts of learning in different countries.