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Title:
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From Air to Music: Acoustical, physiological and perceptual aspects of reed wind instrument playing and vocal-ventricular fold phonation
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Author:
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Leonardo Fuks
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Email:
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click here to access email
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Degree Awarded:
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Royal Institute of Technology
, Speech, Music, and Hearing
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Degree Date:
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1998
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Linguistic Subfield(s):
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Phonetics
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Director(s):
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Johan Sundberg
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Abstract:
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This thesis presents an interdisciplinary research on reed woodwind instruments and human voice, focusing on acoustical, physiological and perceptual aspects of sound generation.
The wind instruments studies concentrate on breathing and blowing under realistic conditions and provide a deeper insight on required aerodynamical input parameters.
The variation of blowing pressure with loudness and fundamental frequency was measured in professional players of oboe, bassoon, clarinet, and alto saxophone and was found to be quite systematic, though differing between the instruments.
The players' perception of self-produced static lung pressures typically used in performances was analysed in a psychophysical experiment, that revealed a quasi-linear relationship between perceived and produced pressures.
The respiratory movements during playing were measured by a non-invasive technique, respiratory inductive pletysmography, that offered acceptably reliable data. The results revealed significant participation of the rib cage in all players and also of the abdominal wall in several players.
Also, the impact of the continuous changes of O2 and CO2 gases in the pulmonary air exhaled during performance on the fundamental frequency was predicted from theory and compared with experimental data. The effect, smaller than that of temperature variation, still would represent a factor of potential relevance to wind instrument intonation.
In addition, the sound production characteristics of a particular type of phonation, perceptually judged as similar to that used in Tibetan chant, were studied by high speed imaging as well as by acoustical and physiological methods, revealing a synchronised co-oscillation of the vocal and ventricular folds, that yields a lowering of fundamental frequency due to multiplication of the vocal fold period.
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