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Title:
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A Nonderivational Approach of the Gapping Phenomenon in English and Korean
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Author:
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Woosoon Kang
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Email:
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click here to access email
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Homepage:
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http://dblab.changwon.ac.kr:8080/user/woosoon
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Degree Awarded:
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Kyung Hee University
, English Language and Literature
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Degree Date:
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1996
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Linguistic Subfield(s):
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Syntax
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Subject Language(s):
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English
Korean
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Director(s):
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Byung-Soo Park
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Abstract:
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This dissertation aims to analyze the gapping phenomenon in English and Korean within the Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG). Gapping is defined as a construction where a verb of more than one conjunct can be deleted. Since Ross (1967) labels gapping to the construction, there are various kinds attempts to gapping. However, due to the discontinuecy of gapping and the compositionality of the semantic interpretation, i.e. the mismatches between the syntax and the semantics of gapping,those analyses could not be successful. This dissertation analyzes the construction by use of the Linearization Theory which contributes to solove the mismatch. The Linearization Theory uses two kinds of structures: tectogrammatical (syntactic) and phenogrammatical (word order) structures.
The following sentences are the basic gapping examples of English and Korean.
(1) Harry ate beans and Fred potatoes.
(2) Yengi-nun sakwa-lul, Songi-nun pay-lul mek-ess-ta Youngi-nom apple-acc Songi-nom pear-acc eat-past-dec 'Youngi ate an apple and Songi a pear.'
In English, the verb of the second conjunct is deleted in (1) while in Korean, the verb of the first conjunct is deleted in (2).
In analyzing gapping, two structures, a syntactic stucture and a word order structure are given. In the syntactic structure, the GAP feature is introduced and it plays an important role. The GAP feature has a value of a lexical verb and it is registered in the lexicon. The GAP feature introduced by the lexicon is structure-shared with the mother node by the GAP Feature Principle. The GAP feature is restrained to go up further by the coordination rule, GAP-CONJ rule. Unlike the SLASH feature, the GAP feature has the property of the boundness. Given the GAP feature, the analysis shows that the coordination principle is observed in all coordinate structures. At the same time, this analysis provides the compositionality of semantic interpretations among conjuncts.
There is a word order structure as well as a syntactic structure. The word order is constrained by linear precedence rules. Word order structures between English and Korean are different though syntactic structures of English and Korean appear to be the same. The precedence rules for English is shown in (3) and the one for Korean is in (4).
(3) a. SUBJ-DTR < GAP-DTR
b. HEAD-DTR < COMP-DTRS
(4) [ ] < GAP-DTR
As one syntactic structure apply to English and Korean, this analysis can apply to other languages. This analysis can be a good standard to test that most languages can have the same syntactic structure.
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Page Updated: 28-Nov-2009
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