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Title:
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La citation mode d'emploi
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Author:
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Ulla Tuomarla
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Email:
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click here to access email
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Degree Awarded:
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University of Helsinki
, Department of Romance Languages
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Degree Date:
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2000
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Linguistic Subfield(s):
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Pragmatics
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Director(s):
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Auli Auli
Juhani Härmä
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Abstract:
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The study deals with the multifaceted functions of quotations in two different types of texts, and looks for explanations for their use in the social practices these texts represent. The empirical data is twofold: it consists of a) journalistic articles, and b) linguistic articles. Theoretically, the analysis is set in the framework of pragmatics. This approach to textual phenomena has also borrowed conceptual tools from conversation analysis, although the analysed data consists of written texts. The previous research on oral language is also used to explain some important issues observable in the data, such as mixed forms of reported discourse. The main focus of the analysis is on the functioning of reported discourse in texts. The aim is to describe different kinds of dynamic relationships between the authorial cotext and the quotations. All uses of reported discourse in the press are shown to be linked with the notion of footing (Goffman). Whether the reported discourse is used for argumentation, or to add dramatic effect, the need behind this practice is the achievement of neutrality that is required from a professional journalist. He avoids direct expression of subjectivity by introducing other voices in the text. The modal value of this strategy shares characteristics with polyphony and implicitness. Although the surface phenomena linked with quoting appear to be quite different in the linguistic articles, academic quoting is equally an institutional practice. Nevertheless, the textual functions that quoting has in a scientific article differ considerably from those I found in the press. In light of the actual usage of quotes in the texts, the description of a direct quote by traditional grammar appears to be questionable. As the aim of this study is to analyse the functions of quotes by paying attention to the process of cotextualization, the semiotic status of a quotation as de dicto -mentioning is revealed to be quite inadequate, too. Indeed, the pure forms of a direct quote seem to be a minority compared to the vast amount of hybrid forms of quotations.
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