The work presents an original typology of literary texts based on their motional and semantic dominants. It solves the problem of verbal structuring of accentuated consciousness in literary text. Created in the paradigm of cognitive psycholinguistics and psychopoetics it introduces new - psychiatric - approach to text.
The first chapter of the work describes some non-traditional methods of analysis of literary text, including objective (L.Vygotsky) and subjective sychological, psychoanalytic, europathological ones. Results of linguistic analysis of the speech of accentuated and mentally ill persons in the frames of psychiatric linguistics are drawn.
The second chapter is devoted to typological approach to fiction.The notion of the dominant (A.Uhtomsky) of a text is introduced as emotional and semantic dominant that is the basis of the author's concept of the text. The third chapter describes psycholinguistic typology of literary texts based on finding out their emotional and semantic dominant of accentuated type. Thus, 'light' ('svetliye') texts being based on paranoia, depict an active fight for justice of an honest and responsible person.
'Dark' texts, being based on epileptic consciousness, constitute the largest part of literary texts in general. Their dominant is manifested in the following frames of texts: a simple but aggressive hero is fighting against clever and thus dangerous enemy.
'Sad' texts are singled out as based upon depression as a state of low emotions, physical weakness and timidity of a person. The following semantic components are typical for 'sad' texts: 'quiet', 'pleasant smell', 'loss of money', 'death', stone', 'cold'. Psychologically antonymous to the previous ones are 'merry' texts that are based upon maniac state of a person who always has high spirits and enormous plans, is very talkative and friendly. 'Merry' texts have the following semantic components: 'together', 'friends', 'luck', 'gangsters', 'travelling', 'flight', 'a lot of money', 'erudition', 'physical strength'.
'Beautiful' texts are based on histrionics as a type of demeanor characterized by demonstrativeness, capriciousness, artistic behavior and pseudology of an accentuated person. 'Beautiful' texts are full of such symbols as 'color', 'appearance of a person', 'gestures', 'feelings and emotions', 'humiliations and sufferings', 'relatives', 'comparison with an animal'. On the basis of the elaborated theory of emotional and semantic dominant a hypothesis about the popularity of best seller is introduced.
The fourth chapter is devoted to the receptive aspect of literary text, where psycholinguistic peculiarities of text perception are reviewed and bibliopsychological approach of N.Rubakin - his author-text-recipient conception - is drawn.
The fifth chapter is devoted to the experimental study of text perception with the use of 'Projective Literary Test' (800 testees). The results gained could be used for solving the problem of identification of personality by his speech, 'Projective Literary Test' can be used as a diagnostic instrument. A
computer-based system of content analysis PAT ('Psychiatric Analysis of Text') is part of the expert system 'VAAL' designed for analyzing and attributing texts. The results gained can be useful for philologists and literary critics, psychologists, clinicists, psychotherapists and specialists in mental lexicon and natural language processing.
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