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From Utterances to Speech Acts

By Mikhail Kissine

"Kissine offers a new theory of speech acts which is philosophically sophisticated and builds on work in cognitive science, formal semantics, and linguistic typology. This highly readable, brilliant essay is a major contribution to the field."

--François Recanati, Institut Jean-Nicod

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Academic Paper


Title: Bildliche und multimodale Metaphern in Werbespots
Author: Charles Joseph Forceville
Email: click here to access email
Homepage: http://home.medewerker.uva.nl/c.j.forceville/
Institution: University of Amsterdam
Linguistic Field: Applied Linguistics; Discourse Analysis; Linguistic Theories; Pragmatics; Cognitive Science
Abstract: (The paper was translated from English by Dagmar Schmauks)

Summary in English: Studying pictorial metaphor and other forms of non-verbal metaphor is indispensable for the development of a complete and balanced theory of cognitive metaphor, and moreover provides a practical tool for the analysis of certain images. Hitherto, the scant literature has primarily focused on pictorial metaphor in static images. This article focuses on pictorial and multi-modal metaphor in moving images, specifically commercials. Pictorial metaphors in moving images differ from those in static ones in at least the following respects: (1) target and source need not be represented (or suggested) simultaneously, but can occur after one another; (2) in the post-silent film era, a metaphorical term can be cued by the aural track (via music or a sound effect) as well as by visual information. In the latter case the metaphor is better labeled 'multimodal' than 'pictorial'; (3) framings and camera movements can create metaphorical similarity in ways not open to static, standalone pictures and photographs. The model developed for static pictorial metaphors developed in Forceville (1996) is shown to be adaptable to those in moving images. The article ends by discussing some questions raised by the analyses, and by suggesting avenues for further research.
Type: Individual Paper
Status: Completed
Publication Info: Zeitschrift für Semiotik, special issue on non-verbal metaphor, edited by Roland Posner (8000 words), forthcoming, 2003.


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