LINGUIST List 15.3599
Thu Dec 30 2004
Diss: Syntax: de Souza: 'BAKAIRI ...'
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1. Tania Conceição
de Souza,
BAKAIRI (SOUTHERN BRAZIL CARIB) - A syntactically ergative Brazilian indigenous language with diathesis inversion
Message 1: BAKAIRI (SOUTHERN BRAZIL CARIB) - A syntactically ergative Brazilian indigenous language with diathesis inversion
Date: 17-Dec-2004
From: Tania Conceição de Souza <taniaccs
esquadro.com.br>
Subject: BAKAIRI (SOUTHERN BRAZIL CARIB) - A syntactically ergative Brazilian indigenous language with diathesis inversion
Institution: Federal University of Juiz de Fora
Program: Linguistics
Dissertation Status: Completed
Degree Date: 1994
Author: Tania Clemente de Souza
Dissertation Title: BAKAIRI (SOUTHERN BRAZIL CARIB) - A syntactically ergative
Brazilian indigenous language with diathesis inversion
Linguistic Field(s): Syntax
Subject Language(s): Bakairí (BKQ)
Dissertation Director(s):
Charlotte Galvez
Eni P. Orlandi
Dissertation Abstract:
Based on the analysis of a 36 hour - long recorded corpus, this dissertation
has as its main purpose the analysis of the syntax- discourse relation in
Bakairi. It is divided in two parts: (i) the analysis of the syntactic structure
of the language; and (ii) the analysis of the discoursive materiality, which
has an innately syntactic constitution.
As far syntax is concerned, the most outstanding conclusion is that Bakairi
is a syntactically ergative language. As there are no nominal case markers,
the ergativity is expressed by the verbal prefix markers referring to the
subject of the intransitive verb or to the object of the transitive verb
(absolutive case), in opposition to the subject of the transitive verb
(ergative case). This type of system affects the syntactic constitution of the
language as whole, since it restricts the mechanisms of co-referentiality
and control.
The correlation of syntactically distinct arguments is done through two
main mechanisms. The correlation of arguments with different nature is
done through the prefixation of a morpheme to the verbal root which
allows co-referentiality.
In theoretical terms, considering the notion of opacity (Chomsky, 1980;
Williams, 1980), this morpheme - usually defined as an ordinary
intrasitivizer by Karib researchers - was redefined by the author as a
diathesis inversor. The correlation of the transitive argument with the
direct object is done through a cleft structure derived by movement. Such
analysis contradicts the presuppositions of Marantz (1984), since clefting
would point to a PRO structure, without movement.
According to the author, the greatest gain, regarding the functioning of
these structures in discourse, is to verify how the two mechanisms above
articulate to compose the discursive web. She is then able to show the
global language operation, placing the description of co-referentiality
processes in the scope of discourse, connected to the structures of focus
and topicalization.
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